Humanities-issues in science and societies 3b Essay

Humanities-issues in science and social orders 3b - Essay Example Remarkably, the expense of the GM seed is twice or threefold the expense of the non-biotech seeds. By and by, it is apparent that the selection of this biotechnology is by a wide margin high in industrialized nations than in the creating ones. Exploration shows that practically 91% of the worldwide fields planted by the GM seeds are gathered in six preeminent industrialized nations. They incorporate Canada, Argentina, United States of America, Paraguay, Brazil and Uruguay. Further examination shows that, USA alone adds to 54% of the all out GM food gracefully worldwide while the rest nations create a sum of 80%. There are a few elements have added to this uniqueness and; along these lines, the case introduced is bound to command except if in any case expressed (Miller and Lentz 240). Consequently, this paper looks to show how political plans in the undiscovered markets, hazardous stands and vulnerabilities in wellbeing, high financial expenses, and vulnerabilities in business sectors add to the difference in GM seeds offered to industrialized nations and creating nations. It has been of significant worry fair and square industrialized nations have taken the benefit in misusing the expected grounds in creating nations. Deficient assets block the improvement of bio-innovation in the creating nations. This block is likewise because of deficient straightforwardness on the criticalness and the phases of executing GM food creation strategies. A nearby perception of Africa, for example, shapes the premise of these politically slanted plans. Because of serious dry spell and strength of the bugs, the global organizations have unequivocally enjoyed guaranteeing prominent capacity of harvest yields in these zones. Over the span of executing this arrangement of food creation, there develops restriction in any event, when these organizations are happy to give them away (Koch and Askeland 180). Privately owned businesses and other establishment are in the publicity of

An Essay on Criticism Example For Students

An Essay on Criticism Papers must be composed n Chicago-Turban book index style and incorporate a cover sheet, references, and a list of sources comprising of in any event three insightful sources other than the class reading material. Reading material, reference books, and word references are commonly viewed as wellsprings of general information, Websites are commonly not thought about academic sources. Insightful sources (books and diaries, and so forth ) can be situated through the librarys site and Galileo, All pages must be numbered with the exemption tot the cover sheet. Papers must be twofold dispersed and composed in 12 point Times Roman textual style, The cover sheet, notes, and book index are notwithstanding the four respite pages of composed content. You may tint Turbans Quick Guide on the web at: Part II: Present your paper to the class, introductions must incorporate a visual segment (Powering, Prize and so on ). Breaking point your slides to a limit of 3. All Overprints will be duplicated to the homeroom PC before introductions start with a glimmer drive. Make certain to exhibit a commonality with your examination and be set up for some criticism as well as inquiries from your cohorts. Dont simply read your paper for all to hear, however realize your exploration all around ok to talk straightforwardly to the class about it. Hold your introduction under S minutes. Structure of the Paper Using the 4 Steps of Art Criticism I. Depict Totally Objective! Ask yourself: N/cap do I see? This progression depicts structure. Portrayal is the initial phase in craftsmanship analysis. Make a rundown of the considerable number of things find in the work Takeout time and be objective. Give just the realities, Dont make surmises about what you see. Understanding comes later. Start your depiction with the title, craftsman, size of the work, and the medium utilized, If there are figures, portray what they resemble, what robberies wearing, what burglaries doing, and the collaboration of the figures n connection to one another and questions inside the sythesis. Are the individuals male or female? It there are articles, scene, or structural components inside the sythesis depict those things too. You may even enroll a companion to test your depiction. Have a companion (who has not seen the genuine work) perused your portrayal, and ask him/her to generally outline what youve depicted; does it look anything like the work? Assuming this is the case, youve likely composed a decent depiction. 2. Examine Also Totally objective!! Investigation likewise includes depiction, yet it is an alternate sort Of portrayal. This emulate you will depict how the craftsman has utilized visual components and standards Of structure. Watch and depict the utilization Of VISUAL ELEMENTS, for example, shading, line, shape, surface, esteem, mass, space, time, movement, and degree and strategy for reflection. Watch and portray the PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN in the creation, for example, solidarity, assortment. Parity, accentuation, subjection, inferred line, differentiate, redundancy, beat, scale, and extent. How are the figures masterminded inside the arrangement? Is a particular figure the point of convergence? How would you realize that figure is the point of convergence? Does the course of action of articles make nines or suggested lines that go about as directional powers underscoring that figure as the point of convergence? Do shading or worth differentiations make accentuation on that figure as the point of convergence? How? How do reiteration of shapes, surfaces, and hues make solidarity, discontinuity, eye development, accentuation, and so forth? 3. Decipher abstract! This progression portrays content, Ask yourself the accompanying two inquiries: What is going on? what's more, What is the craftsman attempting to state? Understanding can once in a while be troublesome in light of the fact that you might be inaccurate. Be daring, however back up your attestations with your perceptions from the past two stages. Likewise, utilize your own understanding and sound judgment to make instructed surmises about what the realities of the piece mean. .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 , .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 .postImageUrl , .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 , .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59:hover , .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59:visited , .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59:active { border:0!important; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59:active , .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59:hover { darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content adornment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uc6ad3e29c633772 744e596083a8f8f59 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uc6ad3e29c633772744e596083a8f8f59:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Genetic Screening of Breast Cancer EssayWhat is the craftsman attempting to state about the topic (past the self-evident)? Everybody is most likely acquainted with the composition Of mutts playing a game of cards by Coolidge, so lets utilize that for a model. The topic can be deciphered in various manners past the Obvious. Maybe the subject isn't just mutts acting like people, yet rather a quip on how people carry on flippantly and participate in under legitimate conduct (like homeless creatures). How might you bolster this case? This is the place you utilize your insight and creative mind. Offer expressions about the unobtrusive connections of the figures, how state of mind is made through recently portrayed visual components and structure, and items that can have emblematic significance. Recollect that you cant basically express your sentiments or translations; you should decipher the substance and back it up by perception. Your understanding will probably can be categorized as one of these classifications: expressive, logical as well as formal. 4. Choice/judgment This progression utilizes reflections on the initial three stages in addition to your examination to affirm a pinion, Ask yourself: Is the work fruitful? Utilize your revelations from your exploration and how they bolster or disprove your formal, logical (social,cultural), and additionally expressive speculations gore model you may pick a work that you have deciphered as an outflow of individual annoyance, so you may do inquire about on the craftsman memoir or their own compositions to see puffy discover pro of of their resentment and what circumstances offered ascend to that outrage. Or then again you may decipher a work similar to an about a declaration of the requirement for social equity when there was little opportunity for a specific populace. Your exploration may bolster or discredit your translation and that is fine. Speak the truth about your discoveries and acknowledge. It is here that you ought to incorporate any exploration accomplished on the work. Make a point to refer to your sources in a commentary. Model reference passage: 1. Charles Smith, Reflections on Modern Art (London: Oxford Publishing, 1999), Formal Theories: Formalists esteem advancement most importantly. This hypothesis includes a conversation of how the visual components and standards of configuration make a visual encounter and represent the topic. How is the way to deal with materials and strategies or article varying from what preceded? How did the craftsman impact what came after? Logical (Socio-Cultural) Theories: Conceptualizes take a gander at the ecological impacts on a show-stopper. These ecological impacts incorporate the monetary framework, social qualities, or legislative issues of the time and spot of which the work sister item. Relevant hypotheses are about work that imparts social qualities or communicates protection from them. Expressive Theories: Expressive hypotheses are once in a while called compassionate speculations. These are craftsman focused hypotheses. Expressive speculations include close assessment of the craftsmen expertise level, individual goal, mental State, sex, race, and attitude. Pundits utilizing expressive hypotheses are probably going to support work that communicates ground-breaking individual implications, understanding, or concern. 5. Presenting the Final Draft Page Order: a. Cover sheet b. Content Body d. List of sources an) Add a cover sheet with the accompanying data (note: there is no page number on the cover sheet): b) Assemble the parts youve finished in the initial four stages (portray, dissect, decipher, and choose/judge). Refine the body of the content. Include a short end. The end ought to think about the discoveries of the four stages and declare how your judgment is balanced. Ensure that you watch changes between passages. Changes allude to how one section leads into or Stems from another. The last sentence of a passage ought to be identified with the main sentence Of the accompanying section. Ensure your references are appropriately designed in commentaries and that the insensible

What Does MS After Your Name Mean

What Does MS After Your Name Mean Student Resources Careers Print The Meaning of MS After a Name Why You Might Pursue a Master of Science Degree By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 11, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 24, 2020 Jose Luis Pelaez Inc / Getty Images More in Student Resources Careers APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips College degrees can be confusing  because there are so many acronyms involved. If you meet someone with MS behind their name, it means they have obtained a Master of Science degree. It is a graduate-level degree that falls between a bachelors and a doctorate. As you might expect, this degree involves study in an area related to the sciences, such as chemistry, biology, or engineering. Another type of masters degree is a Master of Arts (MA), which involves study in topics such as English, the fine arts, or history.   A masters degree in psychology, for example, is one step below a doctorate. While many people who earn an MS in psychology choose to pursue a doctorate, you dont necessarily need a masters to  go for a Ph.D. or Psy.D. There are also career opportunities for individuals who choose to stick with an MS.   Why Do People Complete a Masters? In order to get a masters degree, you need  to demonstrate a high level of knowledge and skill within your chosen field.  Those who obtain a masters in one of the sciences will generally first hold a bachelors degree  in science (BS) before being accepted into a masters program.   In addition, some programs allow students to complete a joint bachelors and masters degree. After completing a masters degree, some will proceed on to a doctoral program. People choose to complete a masters degree for many reasons. You might decide to pursue one if: You have a passion for that field of study.You are looking for career advancement.You have a desire to participate in research.You want to  change to a different field of study.You are interested in networking opportunities.You have a desire for a greater challenge.Your job requirements or goals depend on a masters.You want to  teach at the college level. What Does It Take to Get an MS? Work towards a masters degree may involve coursework or research alone or a combination of the two. Often, it involves writing and defending a thesis or doing some sort of research project. These are intended to be a representation of everything you learned in the program. Generally, it takes about two years to complete a masters degree if you attend classes on a full-time basis.?? However, most students are a bit older than their undergraduate counterparts and may already be in the workforce. Due to this, masters programs tend to be quite flexible and may take longer to complete. Many programs offer online and part-time courses as well as evening and weekend classes. MS in Psychology Typically, a student can choose between an MS or an MA in psychology, depending on your particular interest and career goals. Its more common for people to pursue a doctorate if they have an MS in psychology rather than an MA. With either degree, students can choose to focus on  experimental, industrial-organizational, forensic, clinical, social, or child psychology.?? Generally, an MS in psychology is for individuals with an interest in the research or scientific side of psychology. It tends to be more oriented toward the study of how the brain works and how that relates to a persons behavior. There are many career paths available with an MS in psychology. It often leads to employment with the government or for businesses. The scope can include clinical research, data collection or analysis, consulting, or market research. Though you generally cannot teach at the university level without a doctorate, an MS may be acceptable for teaching psychology in a community college setting.?? An MS in counseling is also available and can have its own specialty. For example, you can choose to focus on substance abuse or mental health. You might also choose to work in family therapy or school counseling. A license is often required to work with patients. It varies from one state to another in the U.S., though most require you to go through an accredited school and some require a doctorate. If this is a path youd like to pursue, be sure to check on licensure requirements in your area.?? A Word From Verywell Deciding which degree program to pursue and how far you want to take your education is a big decision. It depends on the final goals you have for your career and this can change over time. Even if you dont get an MS now, you can choose to pursue it later. Speaking with your academic advisor can clarify your options and help you take the next step.

Essay on Animal Testing - 1107 Words

Many humans use animals for testing each year. Animal testing is when the animals are put through something or injected to see how they react to what medical research they have been used for. Its impossible to know exactly how many animals are being used in research because U.S. laws do not require scientists to report how many mice, rats, or birds they use, but it’s estimated that 90% of lab animals are mice and rats. It’s crucial that everyone know why animals should not be used for testing of harmful substances because the testing is trivial especially, when testing for products in the cosmetic industry, animals experience the same feelings as human’s such as, pain or pleasure and testing is cruel and unusual. Testing on†¦show more content†¦The University of Pennsylvania had 60 hours of videotape stolen from the medical lab. On these videotapes, it showed baboons being knocked out by a blow to the head, while their heads are cemented into plastic helmets. They also show baboons waking up in the middle of surgery, mostly operations on their brains. The Armed Forces Radiobiology Institute in Maryland was using monkeys to test radiation. The monkeys were exposed to various doses of radiation and then forced to run on a treadmill. If they stopped running they were given electric shock to keep them moving. Others vomited during the experimentation and they were given increasingly painful shocks to keep them moving and some did not die for more than five days. There were dogs that were used in the research on relationship between smoking and lung cancer. The dogs were being forced to breathe nicotine-laden smoke through a tube in their throats. Federal agencies have the ir own testing facilities, but they also delegate testing to Universities and commercial laboratories. Government regulatory agencies protect corporations by determining how much poison can be safely absorbed into animals. There are chickens hanging by their feet from a conveyer belt that shoves them through an automatic throat-slicing machine. Or the deep basket full of baby male chicks struggling not to be smothered before they are ground into feed. Or the veal - calves raisedShow MoreRelatedEssay Animal Testing730 Words   |  3 PagesExploratory Essay: Animal Testing Animal testing is an extremely controversial topic because it deals with delicate matters and matters of humanity. Animal testing is intended to help consumers buy safe and healthy products, but they are torturing innocent animals by doing so. People that are in favor of animal testing usually are also advocates for medical research and progress, though there have been other proven methods of research. But they don’t think of it as tormenting and killing animals. OnRead More Animal testing Essay1964 Words   |  8 Pagescomes to animals and their rights, there is a definite line between our needs and our taking advantage of those species that we consider inferior. As long as man has existed he has been carnivorous, and the same holds true for many other species of animals. Animals are a necessity to humans for survival, whether it be for food, clothing, etc. However, the unnecessary torture of animals through testing is not a necessity for human survival. When it comes to the needless torture of animals that we claimRead More Animal Testing Essay710 Words   |  3 Pagesanimal testing â€Å"Beauty without cruelty† is the outcry that can be heard from animal right activists around the world. The FDA does not require companies to perform tests on animals but if the cosmetic product contains chemicals that can be seen as toxins, testing becomes a necessity. There are currently thirteen safety tests that are performed on animals. Anti-testing activists deem these unnecessary and consider them to be cruel. â€Å"Fourteen million animals are used currently in the U.SRead MoreEssay on Animal Testing1728 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"twenty-five million and 30 million† animals are exploited in experiments; â€Å"half are only used through education† (Donna 7). â€Å"A 40% is applied in basic research, the 26% for drug development, a 20% are examined for products, and the 14% that is left is applied on education and miscellaneous† (Donna 5). The inhumane cruelty affects the innocent creatures. Animals should only be used for education, and research purposes. Therefore, regulations must increase on animal protection. Increasing policiesRead More Animal Testing Essay815 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Testing Animal testing is the running of tests and the research done in a laboratory on animals. Some of the tests are done to benefit human lives and other tests are done to determine side effects of a certain household or cosmetic products. It is a topic that has been up for debate for many years not only in the United States, but all around the world. While some support the advances that come from the research others oppose the cruelty that the media projects to societyRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal testing has been around since the third and fourth centuries BC, when it was performed by Greek philosopher-physicians. However, it is unknown when people began to question this process. In today’s society, the idea of testing products on animals has become more and more controversial with numerous groups being created and becoming even more vocal. While people will decide for themselves where they stand in this argument, I would h ope that most would agree that animal abuse is wrong. So,Read More Animal Testing Essay572 Words   |  3 PagesAnimal Testing Speaking Outline: Animal Testing Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience about the three major ways of how scientific experiments on animal is inhumane. Introduction I. Put yourself into an animal’s position. Imagine that you are being poked and probed by needles for the benefits of humans. II. Animals are being abuse more and more everyday in scientific experiments. III. I have pets and I’m against animal testing, so knowing that animals are used in research is appalling. IVRead More Animal Testing Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pages Animal Testing nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;More and more animals are being taken form their natural habitats and tested on every year. Researchers, scientists, and companies just trying to make new products are using animals to further their experiments. If animal testing continues to happen at this rate then their will be no animals left to use for food, study, or even for simple amusement. When the animals are being taken form their natural environments it harmsRead MoreEssay On Animal Testing1295 Words   |  6 Pagesmillions animals die every year from animal testing. Animal testing or animal research is a test performed on a living or dead animals. It normally involves testing out new cosmetic products or doing experiments for the medical purposes. Cosmetic companies test out their ingredients and products on animals to see if they’re safe to use for humans. A medical experimentation could involve injecting the animals, practicing surgeries on them, or exposing them to radiation. The prac tice of animal testingRead MoreEssay on Animal Testing798 Words   |  4 PagesEvery year, animals are subjected to cruel and unnecessary experimentation. According to the USDA, â€Å"between 1990-1997 research labs registered with the USDA reported killing at least 12,895,885 dogs, cats, primates, guinea pigs, hamsters, rabbits, bears, armadillos, squirrels, wild rodents and other species. This doesnt include non USDA registered labs† (â€Å"Wikianswers†). Lab animals are cut up and tortured to death all in the name of science. How can we as fellow animal species continue to allow

Stereotypes About Americans And The American Culture

Option I: Stereotypes about Americans. If your only exposure to the American culture has been from Cosmos, Hollywood entertainment, the music industry, or our recent presidential election, you’ve probably got a skewed view of what the life of the average American entails. You wouldn’t be wrong to assume that all men in the U.S. are as handsome and muscular as Channing Tatum was he played Jacob and werewolf/vampire heart throbs were trendy. Front page tabloids and â€Å"reality TV† will give you an up close and personal, nationally broadcasted and televised, passerby’s story on how North West threw a major tantrum at Auntie Kendall’s Balmain show in Paris. For goodness sake, the child’s ballet slippers could pay for my college tuition, and her remote controlled Range Rover is probably worth more than the future value of whatever first car I truly own. Before entering grade school, little miss North West has accomplished more in life than I c ould ever aspire to. Her playmates, Blue Ivy, Mason, and Penelope, could all say the same. At times life can seem so random, it’s scary. Everyone has a place on this little Earth we share. First and foremost, we are all children born from a mother but for many people, that’s where our similarities end. As a little girl or boy there is a big wide worlds of innocence and possibilities. Your born gender already influences you, depending on where you live, how many siblings you have. Maybe you lived close to the city and lovedShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Stereotyping1104 Words   |  5 PagesIt is more based on the person to go further in life, yet many of people live trying to be the stereotypes. Many live a life they do not due to the stereotypes, but they keep doing it since it is seen normal. Some people care more about the race and go based off of stereotypes. Stereotyping is becoming worst over time even when it comes to genders as well because some White supr emacies like to make any ethnicity less than them due to the fact that they feel greater. Over the years, terms like ‘whiteRead MoreIf I’m Asian I must be short, right? Essay1688 Words   |  7 Pagesoften subject others to a variety of stereotypes, accusing them of being a certain way without regard to what kind of person they actually are. Stereotypes are one or many generalizations of a group of people, whether negative or positive, founded on the basis that a majority of them share said characteristic (McLeod). Though people have come to realize the dastardly consequences of labeling, stereotypes have persisted in our culture, unrelentingly. Why? Stereotypes, whether racial, gender-based, religion-basedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film Blaxploitation Films And Chappelle s Show 1633 Words   |  7 PagesWeekly Writing 3 Throughout history, American society has famously taken advantage of non-European cultures and traditions for their own entertainment. Major media companies, colleges, and athletic organizations have famously exploited the cultures and stereotypes of Native American’s and African Americans for the sole purpose of profit and increased entertainment value. In American society, there has been the era of â€Å"Blaxploitation films† in which African American’s society was shown through raunchyRead MoreAsian American Stereotypes822 Words   |  4 PagesAsian American Stereotype Every day we all suffer from stereotypes most get affected or not. Depending on your race involves to the expectations others expect from you. Asian American education and success stereotypes that are negative or positive raises the stress among them compared to other race. This topic fulfill the essay requirements since it is a social issue that Asian Americans go through every day. The whole point of Asian American stereotypes is that everyone expects a lot from theRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of Stereotypes1357 Words   |  6 Pagesthing is known as a stereotype. Everyone has a stereotype of someone or something, whether they know it or not. It has become more common to have stereotypes in today s world. Human beings tend to settle on fixed images about races or cultures, and in doing so, assume, due to stereotypes, that they are endangered by all understood in that group. Such attitudes are dangerous, and spread violence across cultures. Every race and culture is characterized by stereotypes. Those that are stereotypedRead MoreRacial Profiling : A Cause And Effect926 Words   |  4 PagesEffect Analysis of Racial Stereotypes Racism and racial stereotypes have existed throughout human history. The radical belief associated by thinking the skin color, language, or a person’s nationality is the reason that someone is one way or another has become extremely detrimental to society. Throughout human existence it has sparked tension between groups of people and ultimately influenced wars and even caused slavery. Racism in America dates back to when Native Americans were often attacked, relocatedRead MoreGender Roles And Issues Regarding Feminisms And Masculinity939 Words   |  4 Pagesin Popular Culture Gender is very crucial element in the American popular culture. What comes in mind when we talk about gender in the American popular culture so many questions go through the mind. The questions will go back to the gender roles and issues concerning feminisms and masculinity. One may question any advantage of being a male to a female because this is where stereotypes are arising especially in the American popular culture. Many scholars have written on gender and culture; most of theRead MoreIn The United States, Not Only Are Latin Women Being Misunderstood,1508 Words   |  7 Pagesbut African American women are also stereotyped by other people. Latin women are discriminated in their dressing and service occupations, while African American Americans are stereotyped in sexually promiscuous, caregiving role, and â€Å"welfare queens.† Both of them are victims of racial stereotypes, which affect them negatively on their identities and characteristics. However, the differentiation of their cultures makes them being stereotyped in distinct aspects. Some of African American women’s stereotypesRead MoreBeing An Other : Race And American Culture1390 Words   |  6 Pagesthose people have come to be associated with. These false representations did not come from popular culture alone, but popular culture continues to reinforce stereotypes that cause individuals to judge others based on their appearance, and how they believe that individual should behave based on their race or socioeconomic status . Michael Omi’s article,†In Living Color: Race and American Culture†, he argues that â€Å"film and television have been notorious in disseminating images of racial minoritiesRead MoreAn Inside Look at Melissa Harris-Perry Essay1597 Words   |  7 Pagesfocuses on three main stereotypes of black women that began with slavery and are still prevalent in society today. Perry not only examines the depth and causes of these stereotypes, but she a lso scrutinizes their role in African Americans lives as citizens today. Black women today are not only separated from society outside of the African American community, but there are also existing stereotypes within the culture. Examining the history of black women, the three prominent stereotypes attached to them

Ap World History Chapter 26 Notes Free Essays

Chapter 26 Notes: Ottomans and Arabs Ottomans: Factors of Decline * Competition between elite * Weak rulers * Increasingly powerful Janissary corps * Increased competition from European merchants * Military challenges from the West * Ottomans vs. Russia (result: loss of Serbia, Greece, and most of Balkans) Survival * Played European rivals against each other * Selim III: reformed bureaucracy, new army and navy. Killed by janissaries in 1807 * Mahmud II: slaughtered Janissaries, families and religious allies, reforms based on Western influence (angered conservative religious leaders) * Tanzimat Reforms (1939-1876): series of Western influenced reforms in education, government, newspapers, and constitution. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap World History Chapter 26 Notes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction of railroad and telegraph systems (effect: communication increased, minority groups increased power) * Consequences: artisans negatively effected (thank you, Britain), women ‘s status remained stagnant Backlash to Reforms Conflict between old and new orders * Abdul Hamid: attempted to return to despotic governing.. nullified constitution, removed Westerners in power, continued SOME Western policies * Coup 1908: Ottoman Society for Union and Progress (Young Turks) fought for return to 1976 constitution, Sultan remained as figurehead. * War in North Africa: Ottomans lost Libya * Young Turks vs. Arabs * World War I: Turkey sided with Germany†¦. Arab Heartlands Fertile Crescent, Egypt, North AfricaIdentified with Ottoman rulers as Muslims, disliked Ottoman rule * Fear of Western rule Muhammad Ali, Westernizing Europe * Napoleon invades Egypt (1798): example of Western military power, eventually defeated by the British * Western reforms introduced (military, agric ulture) little accomplished in the long-term * Khedives: Muhammad’s descendants, ruled Egypt until 1952 Issues and European Help * Cotton: solely dependent on export * Misuse of money by the elite Indebted to European powers * Suez Canal: introduces power struggle b/w European powers and Egypt (France and Britain) * Conservative Muslims resented Western presence * Liberal Muslims borrowed from West * Skirmish between Britain and Khedival army results in British domination (Egypt is NOT colonized) Egypt in Sudan * Sudan exploited, forced to reform slave trade * Jihad called against Egyptian rulers and Britain * Sudan successful in maintaining independence until 1896 * Western technology vs. Eastern technology How to cite Ap World History Chapter 26 Notes, Essay examples

Accountant in Business Servitization Transformation

Question: Describe about the Servitization transformation for drivers, benefit and barriers? Answer: Introduction British Airways (BA), started its operation on 1/8/1972 is the largest airline in respect to fleet size in United Kingdom (Britishairways.com 2016). This article discusses on the Market segmentation, Pestle Analysis, Porters 5- Forces and the Critical Success Factors used by British Airways. Marketing Segmentation of airline industry has increased due to intense competitions; the positioning of BA is analyzed with respect to other airlines. PESTEL Analysis analyzed the macro-economic analysis of BA, while five porters model analyzed the competitive environment in which BA functions. Doing the Critical Success Factors Analysis, we came to know about the factors that determines the success aspects of BA. The internal strategy of BA includes increasing the number of fleets, showing presence in major global cities, meeting customer needs, and improving margins through revenue streams. An in depth study is made to research, analyze and obtain the results of the above findings and comparis on is made of BA with other competitors. External environment as at 2014 Market Segmentation: According to Budd et al. 2013, segmentation means dividing the market into different layers as per the needs and requirements of company and BA has segmented the market into segment marketing, niche marketing and mass marketing. Marketing form where customers are grouped as the common aspects and needs is called a Segment Marketing and this is a very common and popular type of marketing form used in BA. Niche marketing is restricted to a small group of customers hose needs are very much different from the mass, like providing private jets to the wealthy customers. Mass marketing is a cost effective way of selling to the customers but fails to cater to the unique need of customers, like developing a single flight package for the customers. Pestle Analysis Item Analysis Political The government and political instability have a negative impact on the airlines and passengers takes alternative mode of transports. Example: In the 2013-14, Thai Political Crisis, BA cancelled many flights in south-east Asia. Economic Due to low consumer demand and high economic volatility, ticket sales of BA decreased, also affecting the share price. Example: Global recession had tremendous impact on the airline industry and the rise in oil and commodities prices reduced the profitability of BA. Socio-Cultural The company has the habit of maintaining the socio- cultural aspect while conducting business. Apart from being a customer friendly company, this company has goodwill of providing different types of food as per taste and preference of customer boarding domestic and international flights. Example: The company provides special food items as per food habits and religion of people. Technological Advanced websites for booking tickets have kept the company miles ahead from the competitors. Self check-in facilities at Heathrow airport and provision of autopilot mode in the flights creates immense customer satisfaction. Example: BA has both online and offline mode of ticket booking facilities which reflects fulfilling the requirements of both tech savvy and tech averse people. Environmental In the wake of recent rise in pollution level, customers are becoming increasingly environmental conscious and the competitors have become environmental friendly. Example: Constant emission check and replacement of obsolete parts Legal British Airways has to abide by the rules of Civil Aviation Authority leading to heavy administrative and legal costs. Example: The union of BA is very active, thus the company has to take care of consumer rights, employee rights. Table1 showing the PESTEL Analysis (Source: Yksel 2012). Porters 5 Forces: Competitive Rivalry: The number of Airlines Company has increased by 9% in 2014, as compared to previous years, which makes the sector very competitive. The intense competitions have compelled the companies to cut off work force and go low cost (Ghoneima and Kula 2013). The close competitors of British Airways are United Airlines, Lufthansa and Japan Airlines Company. With the companys capabilities to increase its market capacity in terms of flight count and customer, the present market share of the company is nearly about 57.2% (British Airways, 2016). Power of Suppliers: BA, have many suppliers for different products, namely fuels, catering or maintenance of aircrafts and this company cannot take the risks of low quality and escalation of costs due to change of maintenance suppliers. The above reasons compel this company to retain the existing suppliers and put focus on the quality (British Airways 2016). Buying Power: Purchasing power of the customers of Airline is very high, but due to the presence of many low budget airlines ticket pricing has become competitive. With the increase in the use of internet, customers can easily compare the prices of different airlines and choose accordingly the best suitable viable options. Threats of entry: Capital Requirement: The initial capital required for setting up an airline company is huge, which is not possible for any ordinary company to acquire thereby reducing the chances of entry of new participants. Brand Loyalty: It takes many years to build a brand and that many years to grow customer loyalty which is indeed difficult to develop. No new entrants will be able to build loyalty overnight, so the fear of building of brand loyalty by competitors is less. Threats of Substitutes: For inter country or inter continents journey, there is still no substitute for airline journey, but with the rise in technology, business travel has decreased significantly. Customers are using video conferencing and video technology solutions as a substitute to flight travel. Critical Success Factors: The CSF of BA can be broadly categorized into following heads: a) Financial b) Customer Loyalty c) Forming Partnership d) Strong Brand image e) Innovative Advertisements BA is able to properly hedge against fluctuating foreign currencies and oil prices, thus saving a good fortune and an additional reduction of 10% operating cycle through the economic cycle. According to Bilotkach and Hschelrath (2015), customer loyalty is gained through years of providing good service and honestly meeting the demands of the clients. BA does online surveys to check the acceptance of the brand in the competitive market and getting proper feedback from the willing customers, thus improving the services of BA in the process. BA strikes alliances with other service providers or other airlines, making long term contracts in an economical price and reducing competition in the process. This company has a very strong brand image in the market and BA is able to retain that brand image entirely during the process of its operation. Brand image brings in credibility in the minds of the customers and that spreads by the word of mouth publicity. Advertisement is a good source of ma rketing the brand and BA has successfully maintained the innovativeness of the ad campaigns making this brand visible to the common public (He, 2015). Internal Strategy of BA Porters general strategy Strategy Explanations Cost leadership strategy British Airways has two franchise partners, Sun-Air and Comair and they have acquired British Midland Limited in 2012. This acquisition has improved the financial performance as they can operate in 20 new routes from Heathrow. Differentiation Strategy British Airways has many scheduled premium global airlines and has full service global airline operations. They have global world class cargo service in combination with planned passenger service. Focus Strategy British Airways is a global brand but the major chunk of the revenues comes from United Kingdom alone. This company is expanding their fleet base across pan united kingdom and starting various budget airlines to cater to the needs of growing middle class. Table 2 showing the Internal Strategy (Source: Ghoneima and Kula 2013). Activities and Resources of British Airways Value Chain: According to Lee et al. (2014), Inbound Logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales and Post sales services consists of Value Chain Analysis. British Airways maintains ongoing relationships with sophisticated system for stock control and professional training institutes and suppliers of various services thus strengthening the inbound logistics. BA offers the customers increased security for their luggage, quick check in services and basic services like ticket booking both online and offline making operations a competitive advantage of BA. This company provides mind blowing customer services to the passengers in different airports in which BA operates. This company provides marketing activities not only to customers but to stakeholders of the company like creditors, debtors, suppliers and senior management allocates a large portion of budget in the marketing allocation services. Post sales services includes taking care of the products that are already sold, taking c are of customer grievances, installation of towers and maintaining communication with the customers at a regular interval and taking feedback from them (Baines and Shi 2014). This company has a good resource base in the form of efficient and trained employees, long term contracts with the suppliers. The VRIO analysis is presented below: VRIO Analysis Valuable Brand loyalty, strong market presence in the United Kingdom is a valuable asset of BA. Rare Punctuality, consistently good customer service are a rarity in the airlines industry and that too for more than three decades. Inimitable The strategy and the innovativeness that BA has is unparallel and inimitable. Organized BA is organized in the customer handling, taking customer grievances and other client related matters. Table 3 showing the VRIO analysis (Source: Ghoneima and Kula2013) Culture of the Company: According to Yong et al. 2014, the culture of BA is well appreciated and well accepted across all levels of employees due to favorable work environment. The culture of the company can be classified into following categories: Doing things properly, keeping promises, finding solutions and treating everyone as an individual are the culture that is followed at this company. BA believes working in a coherent and timely manner and sticking to the objectives and values of the company. Loyalty is build not overnight but after years of keeping promises and trust, thus making brand BA one of the leading players in the airline space. In this competitive era, businesses face nee and unknown obstacles the solution of which is to be found out only through innovative thinking and positive attitude of the company. BA put emphasis on innovation and technology and put a lion share of the revenue in the innovation projects Yong et al. 2014, respect and loyalty are the key drivers of any business toward s achieving organizational goals and BA treats everyone equally, heather employees or customers. Treating everyone as an individual is a key culture of the BA and this company totally abides by it britishairways.com (2016). Stakeholders of the company: Power Matrix Analysis of British Airways: Chart showing the stakeholders of the company (Source: Grundy and Moxon 2013). Minimal effort: BA maintains the policy of applying minimal effort to the small customers and small shareholders. Small customers include passengers of economy class and not so frequent flyer and small shareholders include persons who have a small stake of about 1-2 % in this company (British Airways 2016). Keep informed: BA follows the policy of keeping informed to the employees, various environmental groups and local communities. Employees are the key players of driving the corporations towards achieving organizational goals and for keeping up the image of brand BA so they need to be informed about any sort of changes or implementation of policies, regulations and amendments. Keeping the environmental groups satisfied and intimidating them about any ne improvements is important because of the rising level of pollutions and implementations of ne rules and regulations (Yksel 2012). Keep satisfied: BA implements this policy in case of institutional investors and local planning authorities. Local Authorities gives permission to operate in their area of jurisdiction and other ground clearings are made by the local authorities and they have an upper hand in the operations of the airlines. Institutional Investors includes insurance, hedge funds, endowments and mutual funds. They invest a lot of money in this company and are useful to the company when the company faces financial problems (Grundy 2013). Key Players: Key players include major customers, media or the central government. Big clients play a major role in revenue generation of this company and maintain an image in the bigger space and they belong to the higher class of the society. Media can make or break a brand, so they play a major role in the running of the company. If the media is not satisfied for any reason it will be a serious problem for British Airways. Government in the centre is the ultimate decision maker of any sort so if the central government is not with the company, it ill be not possible for the company to operate (British Airways 2016). Competitors: Emirates, Jet Airways, Virgin Atlantic Airways Analysis British Airways Fleets- 290 Destinations 180 Subsidiaries- 3 Virgin Atlantic Fleets- 40 Destinations 31 Subsidiaries - 0 Jet Airways Fleets- 116 Destinations- 74 Subsidiaries- 2 Emirates Fleets- 234 Destinations- 164 Subsidiaries- 4 Table 4 showing the analysis with the competitors (Source: Lange et al. 2015). Conclusion: After undertaking the above study it can be concluded that British Airways caters to the various need of the area of operations and of the various agencies like employees, local bodies, premium clients, and media and government bodies. BA has a highly satisfied base of employees and clients with a strong brand presence in the airline industry. This company is constantly innovating themselves with advertisements and technological up gradation and recently made an alliance with an airlines company which has saved BA of millions of dollars and also helped to expand in the new territories. Services and logistics facilities provided by BA are world class, thus making this company the number 1 brand in U.K. Key drivers of change and implications: a) Financial : BA has maintained a strong financial output throughout the tenure of operations and even posted profit during the global recession (2008-09), when majority of the Airlines posted loss. (Annual Report, 2014). This Company is able to invest in the future success of the business and reward the shareholder in the form of dividends and this company considers operating margin as the main way of measuring the financial performance of the company. b) Customers: BA conducts surveys at a regular interval to get customer recommendations and continuously improves on the feedback provided by the customers, thus making BA one of the most preferred choices of the customers. Recommendation feedback process helps to increase the client base of BA and positively affects the future profitability of the company. c) Operations: Departure punctuality is the main focused area right now and punctuality ensures the smooth operations of other processes thus having a positive effect on the customer service as well. Punctuality helps the process of recommendation smooth thus increasing the client base and increasing the profitability of the company. d) Employees: BA has started the Employee Involvement Index, and found that the employees are committed to organizational goals and values and they welcome change and are willing to improve the customer service of this company. The surveys are conducted by independent outside agencies which ensures transparency and good quality of the survey conducted. References Baines, T. and Shi, V.G., 2014. Servitization transformation: drivers, benefit and barriers. Bilotkach, V. and Hschelrath, K., 2015. Balancing competition and cooperation: Evidence from transatlantic airline markets.ZEW-Centre for European Economic Research Discussion Paper, (15-059). Book Flights, Holidays Check In Online | British Airways. (2016). [online] Britishairways.com. Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/travel/home/public/en_in [Accessed 5 Mar. 2016]. Browning, T.R. and Ramasesh, R.V., 2015. Reducing unwelcome surprises in project management.MIT Sloan Management Review,56(3), p.53. Budd, L., Griggs, S. and Howarth, D., 2013. Sustainable Aviation Futures: Crises, Contested Realities and Prospects for Change. InSustainable Aviation Futures(pp. 3-35). Emerald Group Publishing Bingley, UK. Ghoneima, A. and Kula, K., 2013. Accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography for airway volume Grundy, M. and Moxon, R., 2013. The effectiveness of airline crisis management on brand protection: A case study of British Airways.Journal of Air Transport Management,28, pp.55-61. He, Z., 2015, August. External Environment Analysis of Commercial-use drones. In2015-1st International Symposium on Social Science. Atlantis Press. Kapogiannis, G., Gaterell, M. and Oulasoglou, E., 2015. Identifying Uncertainties Toward Sustainable Projects.Procedia Engineering,118, pp.1077-1085. Lange, K., Geppert, M., Sakaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Helmhout, A. and Beckerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ritterspach, F., 2015. Changing Business Models and Employee Representation in the Airline Industry: A Comparison of British Airways and Deutsche Lufthansa.British Journal of Management,26(3), pp.388-407.e analysis.The European Journal of Orthodontics,35(2), pp.256-261. Lee, B.L. and Worthington, A.C., 2014. Technical efficiency of mainstream airlines and low-cost carriers: New evidence using bootstrap data envelopment analysis truncated regression.Journal of Air Transport Management,38, pp.15-20. Lin, C., Tsai, H.L., Wu, Y.J. and Kiang, M., 2012. A fuzzy quantitative VRIO-based framework for evaluating organizational activities.Management Decision,50(8), pp.1396-1411. Sarina, T. and Lansbury, R.D., 2013. Flying high and low? Strategic choice and employment relations in Qantas and Jetstar.Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,51(4), pp.437-453. Simo, J. and Diaz, P., 2013. An extended VRIO model as a framework for sustainable tourism planning: a review.Tourism as a Tool for Development,4, p.71. Stuart, H.J., 2013. Positioning the corporate brand as sustainable: Leadership de rigueur.Journal of Brand Management,20(9), pp.793-799. Taylor, A., Pitfield, D. and Budd, L., 2013. An empirical investigation into the changing visual identity of full service and low cost carriers, 2000 vs. 2012.Journal of Airline and Airport Management,3(1), pp.1-17. Yong, L.C., Pinkerton, L.E., Yiin, J.H., Anderson, J.L. and Deddens, J.A., 2014. Mortality among a cohort of US commercial airline cockpit crew.American journal of industrial medicine,57(8), pp.906-914. Yksel, I., 2012. Developing a multi-criteria decision making model for PESTEL analysis.International Journal of Business and Management,7(24), p.52.

Devil`s Advocate Essays - English-language Films, Films,

Devil`s Advocate I recently saw a movie called, "The Devil's Advocate." The previews for this movie seemed unbelievable and sounded very similar to a previous lawyer-based movie. To my surprised, I came out of the movie with many questions, arguments, and admittedly, a little fear. I really enjoy a movie that provokes conversation and arguments about a particular subject that is controversial or makes a person think how they would react in a particular situation. The movie revolves around a small-town lawyer from Florida who is extremely gifted in his ability to win cases, whether his clients were guilty or not. For example, at the beginning of the movie he was defending a person who was wrongly accused of such a horrible crime. He truly believed that his client was innocent because of his position as a well-respected teacher in the community. During the trial he noticed that his client was really enjoying himself and was aroused by her accusations and testimony. At this point he had to make a moral decision that only he could make. Should he continue to represent his client, even though he strongly believed that he was guilty of this crime? He appeared to have a personal struggle with this question, but in the end he decided to defend his client and actually won the case, ultimately keeping his perfect record, but also cheating the abused child who was unfairly molested by this man. He was then offered a great job in New York for a large law firm and became the new hot shot at the company because of his reputation in winning cases. This is when the movie gets extremely interesting, and also a little scary. He and his wife were so surprised and overwhelmed by this new lfie full of nice things and new friends. This new life was possible because of his willingness to do anything to win a case. As it turned out, the head of the law firm was actually the Devil who recruited him because of his disregard for morals in order to do one thing, and that is to win at all costs. The deception of the Devil is not recognized by the main character because he is too busy trying to win cases for the new law firm, which are merely tests that the Devil has set up for him. His vanity is his ultimate fault. This is always a great subject of argument and conversation because of people's different views and sense of morality. I don't agree with his decision to defend the guilty child molester. I believe it is immoral and especially unfair to the victim who is hurt by such ascts. The main character was not motivated so muc hby the riches that his success brought him but, as the Devil later points out, it is his vanity and fear of losing that destroys him. The most interesting aspect of the movie comes when the Devil and the lawyer finally confront each other. All of the choices that the lawyer makes, good or bad, are of his own free will. He had willingly chosen to defend a guilty man. Every individual has free will in choosing to do good or evil. The devil didn't make him do it. His own selfish needs and wants drove him to his own fate. We are constantly confronted with such choices every single day, every single second. The movie was gruesome in it s portrayal of the evils of such an immoral profession, but the basic principles of individual morality and how it ultimately affects our society as a whole was a major success. I think that if people would just stop to think of how their personal decisions and actions will affect not only themselves but others around them that our society would be less likely to include such plain and suffering.

The U.N. IN A NEW WORLD ORDER essays

The U.N. IN A NEW WORLD ORDER essays The rise of military enforcement measure, from the U.N. was formulated from President Bush and Gorbachev as part of the New World Order. This was based on the rule of law and the principle of collective security. This principle was established to enable the military enforcement measure, if necessary. In the history, of the U.N. the Security Council has sanctioned two such cases, in the Persian Gulf War of 1980 and the Korean War in 1950. Security Council had been give power of author in restoring peace and harmony, acting as the parent that solves conflict within a family when a conflict arises. The only argument in this, is how effective is this role. Is military force not a violent act, and does violence it self justify peace. To attempt to answer this theory must look at foundation of the military force. The U.N. Security Council military come from member of state of the UN, that is requires states to provide solider to form an army when the need arises. The army has been used for peacekeeping, one example the article talked about is the 1956, hostilities in the Middle East. However, the article clearly states that this action was not within the fame of U.N. charter. Sutterlin goes on to say, the military it is frequently use for that same purpose. The article fails to point out that in doing so; it is a form of abuse of power that is not permitted, even if provision was later made for it. A fact to worth considering is had they not had an army to enforce would they not have sought a less violent action. By using military enforcement for peacekeeping, that is question the name of peacekeeping it self, The article goes on to state the success of the U.N. Security Council military enforcement, uses for peace keeping, sighting examples such as Nicaragua and Haiti. Along with it achievements Sutterlin, makes note of the Security Council favorable respected the limitation imposed of peacekeeping operat...

Roman-like about Romanesque architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Roman-like about Romanesque architecture - Essay Example Medieval Christian basilicas incorporated many new inventions, however, including â€Å"the outstanding engineering achievement of the stone vault† (Stalley: 1999, p. 130). The Romans and early Christian architects had managed to construct groin and barrel vaulting, but they were usually very small. They had used wood to cover the vast basilica spaces. Romanesque masons worked out techniques to apply this feature to huge stone buildings. Romanesque vaults were made of â€Å"rubble or roughly dressed masonry, which called for a liberal supply of mortar.† (Stalley, 1999, p. 130) This material was both thick and heavy, and was held together by compression. The forces involved in this caused the walls to buckle, and so builders had to make the walls very thick and strong, and support them with the use of external buttresses. In Italy there was a tendency to construct basilicas with a lot of columns, largely due to the availability of antique Roman columns (Clapham: 1946, p. 30). Better engineering techniques allowed the addition of windows in areas not subject to stress, and in Germany the basic basilica form was enhanced with, arches, side rooms, and towers and turrets as well to accommodate various kinds of smaller scale Christian activity alongside the massive public space for high festivals.

Chemistry of preservative used in food industry Assignment

Chemistry of preservative used in food industry - Assignment Example The natural type occurs with its individual natural neutralizers different from the one prepared in laboratories. The natural form does not have preservative action since it have no toxicity. Sodium benzoate produced in chemical laboratories is cheap and toxic which kills living organisms (McKinney 358). Also benzoic acid is an element additive used in food industries, its low cost, ease of absorption in products, lack of color and low rate of toxic form made benzoic acid to be become one of the widely used preservatives word wide. It occurs in pure form as colorless; it’s soluble to a limited extent in water (Taormina 114). In conclusion, chemical preservatives are widely used to put off or slow down both chemical and organic corrosion of food for future use. Chemical deterioration includes oxidation and food browning, while organic corrosion involves dilapidation of food by

A Dissertation About Issues In logistics management

A Dissertation About Issues In logistics management 1. Introduction: This dissertation is about logistics management. It is a part of the supply chain management which involves with the inflow, outflow, procurement, maintenance and storage of goods and services. The supply chain exists between starting point to delivery point. As mentioned by Ackerman (2000), Logistic management basically means having a right thing, in the right place at the right time. This project is focus on the activities of manager of famous company to perform in order to make the organisation a success. In todays environment there is a need to stay updated in order to know the flaws in business, to think at the right time and act accordingly. There is always a complexity in dealing with the ever-changing customer requirements, their expectations relating to price, competitions in the economy and so on. All these have to be met efficiently in order to cope up with the situation. The success of a goods or service depends on how well strengthens of the distribution strategy is studied and how the suppliers, markets, storage and transportation are dealt with right strategy. The upcoming areas deal with the entire process involved in the transformation of a raw material into the ultimate finished product. Logistics management presents a v ariety of tools to understand the logistics in effective decision making and how it goes in relating the broader issues in the entire supply chain thereby finding out ways and means in achieving the strategic goals (Ackerman, 2000). The company that is selected here is Tolam Logistics which is located in Hong Kong. It was established in 1996 by Mr. Eric Lam who had about 20 years experience in freight and transportation. The TLs provide One Stop shop logistics services by all type of facility of logistics like storage, delivery, custom clearance etc. The TLs main customers included Toshiba, Sanyo, Kleon, Fujis air conditioner and Plasma Televisions. It had a warehouse of 100,000 sq. ft. and owns around 32 trucks. The staff strength resulted to around 100 including permanent staffs (Magee, 1985). Tolam Logistics is a logistics company engaged in the distribution of goods that are received at its warehouse. The main points that we focussed here is warehousing and distribution. The objective of this case study is to discuss its objectives, strategies and methods employed in: Transportation planning: TL uses its own trucks to transport the goods without depending on outsourcing of transport. Only when the demand exceeds its transport facilities it does not hesitate to make use of outsourcing and in situations where the demand is low it has no problem to put its trucks idle. They use their trucks in such situations to generate income by outsourcing their trucks to other uses. E.g. In monsoon season due to low business activity at that time not using outsourcing trucks and deploy only own trucks which runs on fixed route and fixed contract which surety of fixed expense and income. Inventory management: TL provides a sound inventory system. They receive orders in the night and make despatches in the daytime. They forecast the warehouse space and transportation on a quarterly basis in order to know its requirements. Companies usually reserve their space in the warehouse depending upon the volume to be held in the warehouse. They have latest technology for loading and unloading 14 vehicles at a time. Information technology: TL has an extended use of computer systems to record various transactions happening inside. It maintains a separate database for each customer. TL is now in the process of developing a new IT integrated system that will open up new exits to the company. TL does have difficulties in providing different legacy systems, so they are planning to install a common platform on the web so that all its customers can be satisfied at a time. They are implementing barcode system to tracking goods(Frederick Ross, 1996) 2. Aims and Objective: We are learning about the issues of logistics management and for this purpose I am planning to take up the company Tolam Logistics as the main subject. Tentative research questions can be considered for this purpose is What are the main factors that affect the logistics management at TL, Do theories of logistics apply at the ground level?, How important is logistics in managing customer satisfaction?, What are the performance measures, costing methods and metrics used for logistics management?, Can modern communication technologies impact logistics management. 3. Theoretical Background: 3.1 Logistic Strategy and Planning: The supply chain strategy is main link to growth of business strategy and it should taking care of balance maintained between the cost and service offered by firm. As mentioned by Tompkins (1998), following factors have to be considered here, The customers and suppliers should be aligned in regard to the internal company operations. Companys inflow (Raw Material) and outflow (sales) should be maintained as per market demands and trends with the help of internal company operations likes collect, pickup, packaging, deliver etc. The marketing and sales plan should be aligned to meet the supply chain strategy means like E.g. For launching a new product in the market sales plan like marketing should be start after enough production flow carry on to fulfill the demand of market, If market trends change the immediately we have other strategy for product modification. The capital expenditure has to be aligned to the supply chain operations. E.g. Firm have enough capital for monthly fixed expense like production cost, sales, salary, rent, marketing and promotion cost etc. The HR structure has to be aligned to the supply chain E.g. HR structure have enough manpower to operate the production, sales and marketing etc dept. The supply chain has to be aligned in order to meet the investment policies. The supply chain has to be aligned in order to meet the growth targets. The supply chain has to be aligned in order to make room for expansion of the business. Logistic planning involves the use and management of all logistic resources in order to maintain the desired cost and service performance. The considerations include the inventory positioning, inventory levels, number of warehouses, types of warehouses, mode of carrier selection and so same will be forwarded. The company can decide on whether to deploy a high service method or a low cost service method. A high cost method deploys more warehouses, use fast delivery transportation and maintain high stock levels. This method of course is mostly trying to avoid the high cost. Whereas, a low cost service method gives value for cost by reducing the number of warehouses to one, use cheap transportation and maintain longer lead time in ordering stocks. Through improved warehouse design the cost of handling materials can be reduced to a great extent prior delivery goods arrange as to easily loading and unloading from trucks, by arranging direct vehicle loading of materials from the warehouse and implementing automated installations are two methods that can reduce handling material costs. By conducting an assessment of the transport costs and implementing the right choice by comparing current transport costs with that of the occurring standard rates can bring down transport costs to the minimize with routes selection, speed of vehicle, Regular maintained vehicle, road maps, uses the GPRS system to reach at delivery point. This type of logistic planning goes a long way in attaining the right logistic system. Company has to consider four main points while planning a logistic system; they are as stated above, customer service levels, facility location, inventory decisions and transportation decisions. These four levels are related to ea ch other and therefore integrated planning has to be considered. Planning here means designing the logistics network as a configuration of warehouses, production plants, selling areas, stocking-areas, transportation and information systems that aim at balancing an equilibrium between the overall costs and the revenue. Briefly idea for the logistic planning means the total cost concept should be studied to consider the supply chain.   3.2 Customer Service Strategy:   Supply chain is basically considered as a strategic concept that involves understanding and managing the sequence of activities -from supplier to customer-that add value to the product supply pipeline (Tompkins, 1998). The role of customers in the supply chain market is not incidental. Every company in this chain, irrespective of market size mainly they thankful to its customers as the fact is that in all profit of firm there are customers are in center whom to buy the goods and services produced by each one of them. This century marks the end of monopolies and therefore customers can make an array of choices. When customers decide not to buy products in a particular supply chain, then no doubt the company would collapse without earning any revenue for the expenses incurred in launching the product on the stage of saturation and decline stage. So, the supply chain should be structured in such a manner that there is a common link between the products as such and the end customer. It is because that the tastes of customers keep changing and their expectations goes on rising, when product cycle at saturation and decline stage at they began decreasing brand loyalty and put in for anything that attracts them. Thus the importation must be put on conducting effective market analysis to know the needs of different groups of customers to whom the offer is to be made. Its main aim is to polish its contact with the customers. The rationale behind this strategy is to improve services provided directly or indirectly to its customers and to use the information in the system for targeted marketing and sales purposes. A kind of metrics should be used to assess the customer service, like the companys ability to fill the orders in limited time or the delivery of the products on the due date. Other researches can be conducted to find out the reason for not delivering the products on the due date. There is no compromise for an act of negligence in meeting customer satisfaction as it is the customers who ultimately judge the life span of the company.  In todays fast growing economy, it is not the matter of fact that the big beat the small but it is the fast beats the slow and the accurate beats the inaccurate. Below are mentioned seven steps to reduce the fulfilment costs by improving customer service at the same time (Tompkins, 1998). According to him, the following points are important with regard to supply chains, Integrate with order entry system: In todays hyper competitive economy it is very difficult to maintain order fulfilment through the internet. Most of them placed through internets are managed poorly and which end in resulting distorting customer satisfaction due to delay in product delivery. Integrating a systematic order fulfilment process tends to reduce manual labour that saves time, increases profitability and customer satisfaction E.g. Order received in night and make delivery in the day time. Build in adaptability: Providing exceptional customer service has proved to be challenging in todays competitive environment. Companies can meet this challenge by proving to be adaptable with the customer wants makes changes in their orders right from the purchase and even upto and after shipment. This can prove to be successful as the customers can get what they want even if their product changes from the market. E.g. Tailor made transportation system like packaging facility as per weather. Confirm with bar codes: By changing the bar coding into an automated one ,the company can save a large amount of its time and energy and even implement perfection in planning as it presents real time data instead of mere projections. E.g. In the ware house material arranged with barcode easy to locate particular product with the barcode system we can easily shift goods as per priority of delivery and delivery places. Conducting automated pickings: Automated technologies are easily fulfills the needs of customer thereby increasing customer satisfaction and bringing in repeated business in a shorter time span. E.g. Goods collection from customer destination is one of good example of automated pickings its save time and money of customers which bringing repeated business. Automated shipping plans: Using automated shipping plan the workers can pick to a predesigned way of stacking the containers without going for trial and error methods. This saves a lot of time and energy of the workers engaged in stacking the containers and speeding the delivery with less expense than without ASP. E.g. Barcode system on containers and on the area of ware house which easily track the goods and easily stacking and speeding the delivery. Automate shipment verification: By applying automated verification together with automated picking and using bar codes, more time can be saved on packing, verifying and shipping process. Sourcing orders based on facility workload: Logistic managers should use the method of best utilize of space when multiple warehousing and distribution facilities are available in order to improve responsiveness and maximize flexibility. The above factors tend to make the shipment reach the customers more quickly and which therefore has a direct impact on their satisfaction levels. The standards of service provided to end customers should be determined and mentioned on top of the list. The remaining strategic decisions should also be taken considering the customers interests. Frohne, (2008), Organization has to adjusting the supply chain as such to meet the market demand and product features, Determining the relation model among the supply chain participants, Selecting the suppliers, Determining on the distribution channels, Adopting a specific method of stock holding, Determining the location and nature of the warehouse, Formulating guidelines in selecting the transportation. Taking a decision on any of the above mentioned factors without giving due consideration to the customer needs may seriously affect the implementation of the general strategies of the supply chain, as the strategies of the supply chain are competitive in nature that aimed at end customer satisfaction.    The focus of supply chain on the customers can be studied more explicitly using the Quick Response concept, which means identifying the demands and reacting to its changes as quickly as possible. This concept was developed in relation to textile industry in order to avoid losses due to change in demand. The QR nature is such that it assume in close cooperation with the supply chains by providing maximum satisfaction to its customers by reducing the costs to its minimum. This becomes material if the customers provide timely information to the suppliers regarding their demands and they make timely supply of the demand. This method would no doubt increase sales by reducing the costs by bringing in profit to all the supply chains involved. 3.3 Procurement management: Procurement is appropriate goods at best cost which fulfill the requirement of purchase with good quality, quantity, time and location. It is regarding the profit orientation fastest growing business firm rather than simple cost cutting measures. There is an old saying Goods well bought are half sold, this means that the success of an organisation depends on the efficiency of its purchasing department. If organization purchase good quality raw material then its increase the productivity of internal operation, quality of final goods, reduce the wastage. Buying dept and selling departments are interlinked, in other words if buying dept purchased goods without proper consultation with the sales department which knows the nature and trend of the market, then the sales department cannot succeed to sell the goods at a profit. E.g. if purchase department without consult with sales dept purchase water resists packaging material in monsoon season to purchase waterproof material for packaging its indirectly effect on business cost, time etc wastage. In monsoon season low business activity need low quantity of packaging material need to know quantity of material as well. Scientific purchasing methods should be adopted in order to purchase the right product at the right price and place, in right quantity and quality and from the right supplier. All these factors are interconnected. There is always confusion for all the concerns regarding what to buy, where and how to buy. All these problems can be solved by performing the following purchasing functions. Jones, James V., p82(2006) Planning the purchase of goods: The producer should decide on the required amount of stock of raw materials and parts that is to be purchased on the basis of expected volume of sales and the estimated rate of production. It has some sub functions that has to be followed to make the purchase effectively. They are preparation of the budget, determination of quantities to be ordered, stock turnover, consideration of effects of changes in fashion and price changes. Assembling: It means gathering goods from various sources and bringing them to the business place. E.g. Head office ordered for packaging material and store in warehouse then need to supply at all branches on right time. If goods received from japan to deliver at north London then japan branch send goods to main office at uk branch then they supplies to London branch and London branch supply to north london branch whom deliver it to customer. Locating the sources of supply: The buyers have to search for various sources of supply and maintain contact with them. In the selection of the suppliers, the buyers should consider the efficiency, rate and location, capacity of supply goods, goodwill and financial stability of the suppliers. It is always desirable to maintain liaison with two or more suppliers to ensure uninterrupted supply in case of non availability of raw material from one supplier buyer sure for available from another supplier and supply of raw material not interrupted. Market news: The buyers should be always aware of the market, the prices, the change in fashion, tastes and attitude of the customers should be updated. The launching of the product and their impact on the customers should also be monitored by survey of customers like-dislikes, market share, market trends etc. Negotiation of terms: After the above activities have been completed the buyer has to finalise on buying. For this he has to negotiate with the suppliers terms and conditions. Usual negotiations will be on the quality, quantity, price, discounts and terms of delivery. Transfer of title: Finally, immediately after the payment the buyer should get the title transferred in his name. He should get the relevant documents like final agreement copy, terms and condition letter, quotation etc in his custody. To take a quick look at how CEVA logistics a leading supply chain management company has tied up its hands with Ford, a global leader in the automotive world, proved to be a success. The operation is located closely to the plants proximity and provides small lot market consuming areas, container management and efficient transportation system. CEVA was awarded three awards for its efficient supply chain in providing customer satisfaction through maintaining quality, fast delivery and excellence in management from Ford. 3.4 Financial aspects of logistics: Financial managers have a responsibility to raise capital for maintaining inventory and also for the firms overall profitability. There is a global solution for low risk work. Once a company enters to do business globally its financial risks also arises. It needs to ask questions as to how it will get its money in business or whether the goods will be accepted only after the shipment. Companies can use various financial instruments that banks offer nowadays in the form of letter of credit and the like. The payment condition regulates the flow of goods or services in the logistic system and the mode of payment. Some of the common means of payment are way bills, letter of credit, commercial invoice etc. on the basis of payment conditions; banks have adopted a new means of payment under the term called financial engineering. These have proved to be very much useful in enabling the free of capital that is blocked in ventures and also reducing the time of funds being locked up in business . They also have to verify the terms and contract of payment with customer and what is fixed expense are occurred against payment method with customers. The currencies of various countries can also affect international logistics in many ways. These are foreign exchange control and risks of exchange associated with warehousing. This can be reduced by selecting specific company locations, countries that have a stable market for their currencies. By reducing the order processing time can also minimise the risks involved in exchange rate.    3.5 Packaging and Inventory Management   Packaging is technology of preparing goods for transportation, sales, warehousing, logistics, evaluate the design of product. Packaging is concerned with the planning, distribution, sals and storage etc. Packaging makes attractive to the end consumers the old product. It is a group effort of the designer, the researcher, the engineer, the marketing expert, the sales department and the top management. It should be designed in a systematic manner in order to achieve its very purpose (Voortman, 2004).  The various factors to be considered while taking packaging decisions are the size, colour, material, text, brand name, caption etc. In packaging designs the AIDAS formula (see Figure 1) has to be successfully implied. AIDAS represents five basic points. They are attention, interest, desire, action and satisfaction. These are very much important in the supply chain strategy which goes ultimately in meeting the customer needs. The need of packaging is to ensures the supply of right quant ity and quality of the product, to protects the product from any damage caused due to dust, mishandling, pilferage etc, to makes the handling of products conveniently, to facilitates the storage of products, to makes it convenient to distinguish our products from that of the others, to makes the product more attractive, to helps the customers to reuse the product for some other purposes Packaging holds a very important place in the supply chain logistic management. Only when the products are presented well the customers has an urge to buy it more frequently.   Fig. 1 AIDAS Source:- self 4. Inventory Management:    Inventory management aims to handle all function correctly with tracking and management of material. Inventory management is very wide definition like to replenishment lead time , carrying costs of inventory, asset management, forecasting, valuation, visibility, future inventory cost, space, quality etc. The ultimate aim of supply chain management is how well you manage your inventory. Manufacturers face a number of challenges which require not just exceptional planning but also an effective communication setup that keeps you updated at the spur of a moment. From rapid changes of customer demands, globalisation or even natural calamities can cause your inventory to be stuck up paving way for no wages to the employees. Therefore there should be a quick information system to discuss the inbound and outbound issues affecting the demand and supply. For this there should be a well managed supply chain inventory management in order to keep the business running without any interruptions (Bo wersox, 2000) There are benefits and risks of holding inventory as mentioned below, Avoiding risks of sale: If a desired amount of inventory are stored that are ready to be sold, can bring in return to the company. It can avoid losing its customers for non supply of products. Shelf-stocks are those products which are sold to its customers with little or no modifications; an example of such a product is automobiles. Quantity discount: When goods are purchased in bulk quantity the suppliers offer a discount. This is in fact helps the buyer to make a more margin in profit. Even sometimes suppliers are ready to supply goods on credit for time period like one week /month thats all capital invest in other source for time being help to cash cycle. Reducing ordering costs: Each time an order has to be placed it incurs certain expenses like mailing costs, typing, approving and the like, so if inventory is stored in bulk it can reduce the ordering costs to a great extend. Reducing the set up costs: Start up costs is incurred each time a product is produced. Maintaining large stocks of inventory helps in reducing the set up costs. Reducing risks of production shortage: If any part of a product is unavailable it may result in the production to stay at a halt. Therefore it is good to hold inventories to maintain sufficient flow of supply to the customers. Avoiding risks of holding inventories: Reduction or decline in the market price: It faces the risks of price cutting by competitors or the arrival of a new product. In such situations holding inventories in large    amount would only prove to be a loss for the holding firm. Also inventories more money on new product like advertisement, launching, promotion offers, discount schemes etc. Deterioration of the product: Product may get worse when it is held for longer periods. Obsolescence of the product: The product may become obsolete and outdated when the customers tastes and preferences change. While dealing with inventory management in the supply chain it is also advised to go through the costs of holding inventory. The costs associated with inventory are of two types; direct costs and indirect costs. The direct costs of holding inventory are the materials cost, ordering costs and carrying costs. The indirect costs of holding inventory are costs of funds tied up in inventory (opportunity cost) and the costs of running out of stock (stock-out cost) (Waters, 2003).   When critically evaluating the inventory management we can sum up the objectives like to ensure that the materials are available for production without interruption, To maintain sufficient stock of raw material in times of shortage, To ensure that inventory of finished goods are readily made available to meet the customer demands., To maintain a balance between the inventories., To prevent the inventory from deterioration by providing proper warehousing and insurance.   From the above mentioned points it is evaluated that inventory if not controlled properly may either way prove to be wastage to the concern. This has induced the need to find out techniques to control the inventory.   4.1 Economic Order Quantity: EOQ (see Figure 2) is the level where total demands of product is constant over and each new order is delivered in regularly when in the inventory is reach at zero level. It is important to note that only the right amount of the inventory has to be stored. EOQ means the determination of the right quantity to be purchased. A balance has to be maintained between the carrying costs and the ordering cost. EOQ is the point where the total cost of ordering and the cost of carrying the inventory would be the minimum. For EOQ we assume that the ordering cost, rate of demand, purchase price and delivery quantity are constant with fixed lead time. The main point here to be noted is whether you increase or decrease the purchase the total of all the costs should be maintained at a minimum (Stock, 1993). Fig. -2 Formulas for Economic Order Quantity. Source:- Google Image. 4.2 ABC analysis:   ABC analysis (See Figure 3) is a technique of exercising selective control over inventory items. It is a method of controlling material according to its value. Its a mechanism for impact on inventory cost by identifying items. A concern need not exercise the same degree of control over all materials. Materials of high value should be closely controlled than materials of low value. Accordingly, the materials will be grouped as A, B and C. A category material constitutes only a small percentage of the total items but they have the highest value. By category items constitutes a higher percentage of the total items but have only a medium value and the C category items constitutes the highest percentage in the total inventory but it has the lowest value. ABC analysis is based on the principles of Selective Inventory Management.   Fig-3 ABC Analysis. Source Google Image 4.3 Determination of Re-order level: Re-order level (See Figure 4) is that level of inventory at which the firm should place orders in order to maintain stock of the inventory. It is with regard to the timing of purchase. When orders are placed new products will reach the before it runs out of stock. Last minute order placing is not found here as the orders are placed slightly above the minimum stock level. The above techniques can go on a long way to control the sufficient inventory. As inventory forms the life blood of a concern not a minute carelessness can be made in maintaining adequate stock of inventory. As there is a supply chain all over the globe it is high time to forgo with traditional inventory management process and continuously manage inventory through the global supply chains to optimise the inventory. The excellence in supply chain is required to strike a balance between the lead times, budgets, inventory costs and the risks. In order to maintain optimum utilization of inventory it is necessary to balance the supply chain management against the business policies, changing market demands, risks and other constraints. It makes it important to know what inventories to carry, how, when and in what form.   Fig. -4 Diagram of Reorder Level. Source:- Google Image. 5. Physical Distribution and Monitoring Performance: 5.1 Warehousing   Another important area which forms an important part of the supply chains strategy is the provision of proper storage and warehousing facilities until the goods are ready to be consumed by the end customers. Its primary aim is controlling the movement and storage of goods until they are demanded in the market. Warehouse management system aids in supporting the associated areas like transportation, put away and picking (Frazelle, 2002). Here the warehousing systems can be managed in both ways either manually or automatically. In order to explain this much better an illustration is explained below. A UK based company is a manufacturer of books, cards, antiques and other souvenirs. The company has to ship its products to more than 500 destinations around the world. Now to know the challenge it has faced, it managed to build up its own warehouse of a 10,000 foot and used paper based system. All the products have to be located based on the colour or relying completely on the staffs employ ed there. But this system proved to be inefficient as there always raised confusion between the products as different products sometimes were of the same colour. This took up a lot of time and energy of the concern and they were piling up with shipments that were yet to be dispatched. This started to affect the concern both on its revenue as well as its customer satisfaction. It also led to the duplication of work as the same lists were printed twice. They recognised that th

A Critical Response to Lady Chatterleys Lover Essay -- chatterley

A Critical Response to Lady Chatterley's Lover      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lady Chatterley's Lover by D. H. Lawrence examines the human condition in the modern era.   Through the experiences of the novel's characters, Lady Chatterley's Lover advances techniques for coping with the modern world:   retreating from society and engaging in phallic sex.   However, the application of these techniques is problematic as phallic sex necessitates the abandonment of social convention, while retreating from society conflicts with phallic sex.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lawrence's tactics of retreating from society and engaging in phallic sex are a response to conditions that he perceived in England.   A problem that afflicts the English people in Lawrence's novel is the pressure of social convention causing individuals to lead unhappy lives.   For example, Lawrence examines the lives of colliers:   "The iron and the coal had eaten deep into the bodies and souls of the men" (159).   Iron and coal are also a reference to the capitalist-industrialist complex that drives the colliery, making it clear that it is capitalist values which are eating away at the men.   The village of Tevershall reflects the state of its builders:   "The utter negation of natural beauty, the utter negation of the gladness of life, the utter absence of the instinct for shapely beauty which every bird and beast has, the utter death of the human intuitive faculty was appalling" (152).   Both the people and their dwellings have been warped by m odernity.   The narrator sums up the consequences of modern society for the colliers and the English people:   "...a new race of mankind, over-conscious in the money and social and political side, on the spontaneous intuitive side dead, but dead.   Half-corpses, all of t... ...f phallic sex.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Two strategies that D. H. Lawrence's novel Lady Chatterley's Lover offers for coping with the modern world are phallic sex and a retreat from society.   Unfortunately, the ideal of phallic sex is difficult to achieve due to the necessity of abandoning social convention, while retreating from society conflicts with having phallic sex.   Lawrence's ideas offer unconventional methods for coping with modern life.   However, a reader who wishes to apply these ideas must bear in mind that no amount of sex or isolation is likely to resolve the problems which plague modern society. Works Cited Lawrence, D. H..   Lady Chatterley's Lover.   Ed. Michael Squires.   New York:   Penguin Books, 1994. Lawrence, D. H..   "A Propos of 'Lady Chatterley's Lover'". Lady Chatterley's Lover.   Ed. Michael Squires.   New York:   Penguin Books, 1994. A Critical Response to Lady Chatterley's Lover Essay -- chatterley A Critical Response to Lady Chatterley's Lover      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lady Chatterley's Lover by D. H. Lawrence examines the human condition in the modern era.   Through the experiences of the novel's characters, Lady Chatterley's Lover advances techniques for coping with the modern world:   retreating from society and engaging in phallic sex.   However, the application of these techniques is problematic as phallic sex necessitates the abandonment of social convention, while retreating from society conflicts with phallic sex.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lawrence's tactics of retreating from society and engaging in phallic sex are a response to conditions that he perceived in England.   A problem that afflicts the English people in Lawrence's novel is the pressure of social convention causing individuals to lead unhappy lives.   For example, Lawrence examines the lives of colliers:   "The iron and the coal had eaten deep into the bodies and souls of the men" (159).   Iron and coal are also a reference to the capitalist-industrialist complex that drives the colliery, making it clear that it is capitalist values which are eating away at the men.   The village of Tevershall reflects the state of its builders:   "The utter negation of natural beauty, the utter negation of the gladness of life, the utter absence of the instinct for shapely beauty which every bird and beast has, the utter death of the human intuitive faculty was appalling" (152).   Both the people and their dwellings have been warped by m odernity.   The narrator sums up the consequences of modern society for the colliers and the English people:   "...a new race of mankind, over-conscious in the money and social and political side, on the spontaneous intuitive side dead, but dead.   Half-corpses, all of t... ...f phallic sex.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Two strategies that D. H. Lawrence's novel Lady Chatterley's Lover offers for coping with the modern world are phallic sex and a retreat from society.   Unfortunately, the ideal of phallic sex is difficult to achieve due to the necessity of abandoning social convention, while retreating from society conflicts with having phallic sex.   Lawrence's ideas offer unconventional methods for coping with modern life.   However, a reader who wishes to apply these ideas must bear in mind that no amount of sex or isolation is likely to resolve the problems which plague modern society. Works Cited Lawrence, D. H..   Lady Chatterley's Lover.   Ed. Michael Squires.   New York:   Penguin Books, 1994. Lawrence, D. H..   "A Propos of 'Lady Chatterley's Lover'". Lady Chatterley's Lover.   Ed. Michael Squires.   New York:   Penguin Books, 1994.